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Allergic reactions    See images

Overview | Symptoms | Treatment | Prevention

Alternative names:

Allergies

First Aid

MILD-TO-MODERATE ALLERGIC REACTION
1. Calm and reassure the person having the reaction, as anxiety can worsen symptoms.

2. Try to identify the allergen and have the victim avoid further contact with it. If the allergic reaction is from a honey bee sting, scrape the stinger off the skin with something firm (such as a fingernail or plastic credit card). Do not use tweezers; squeezing the stinger will release more venom.

3. If the victim develops an itchy rash, apply calamine lotion and cool compresses. Avoid medicated lotions.

4. Watch the victim for signs of increasing distress.

5. Get medical help. For a mild reaction, a physician may recommend over-the-counter medications (such as antihistamines).

SUSPECTED SEVERE ALLERGIC REACTION (i.e., ANAPHYLAXIS)
1. Check the victim's airway, breathing and circulation (the ABC's of Basic Life Support). A warning sign for dangerous throat swelling is a very hoarse or whispered voice, or coarse sounds when the person is breathing air in. If the victim is having difficulty breathing, is very weak, or is losing consciousness, call for emergency medical assistance. If necessary, begin rescue breathing and CPR.

2. Calm and reassure the victim.

3. If the allergic reaction is from bee stings, scrape the stinger off the skin with something firm (such as a fingernail or plastic credit card). Do not use tweezers -- squeezing the stinger will release more venom.

4. If the victim has emergency allergy medication on hand, help the person take or inject the medication. Avoid oral medication if the victim is having difficulty breathing.

5. Take steps to prevent shock. Have the victim lie flat, elevate the person's feet about 12 inches, and cover him or her with a coat or blanket. DO NOT place the victim in this position if a head, neck, back, or leg injury is suspected or if it causes discomfort.

6. If the victim loses consciousness, apply first aid for unconsciousness and call 911 or your local emergency number.

Do Not:

• DO NOT Assume that any allergy shots the victim has already received will provide complete protection.
• DO NOT Place a pillow under the victim’s head if he or she is having trouble breathing. This can block the airway.
• DO NOT Give the victim anything by mouth if the victim is having trouble breathing.

Call Your Health Care Provider Immediately If:

• The victim's allergic reaction is severe or rapidly worsening (over minutes -- see above).
• The victim has a history of severe allergic reactions (check for a medical ID tag).

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