Ency. home > Disease > A > Arteriosclerosis of the extremities

Arteriosclerosis of the extremities   

Overview | Symptoms | Treatment | Prevention

Alternative names:

Peripheral vascular disease; PVD; Arteriosclerosis obliterans

Definition:

A disease of the peripheral blood vessels that is characterized by narrowing and hardening of the arteries that supply the legs and feet. A decrease in blood flow results.

Causes and Risks

Arteriosclerosis, "hardening of the arteries" commonly shows its effects first in the legs and feet. The narrowing of the arteries may progress to total closure (occlusion) of the vessel. The vessel walls become less elastic and cannot dilate to allow greater blood flow when needed (such as during exercise). Calcium deposits in the walls of the arteries contribute to the narrowing and stiffness. The effects of these deposits may be seen on plain X-rays.

It is a common disorder usually affecting men over 50 years old.  Twenty percent of people over age 64 will suffer from arteriosclerosis of the extremities. 

Persons are at higher risk if they have a personal or family history of coronary artery or cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, or kidney disease involving hemodialysis.

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