Signs and Tests

Physical examination (may display xanthalasmata, or fat deposits, on the skin) and laboratory tests may be performed to identify secondary causes of hyperlipidemia or familial disorders, if lipoprotein analysis is elevated.

Fasting lipid (or lipoprotein test) analysis breaks down cholesterol into four groups:

• Total cholesterol
• Low density lipoproteins (LDL), "bad" cholesterol
• High density lipoproteins (HDL), "good" cholesterol
• Triglycerides   

A defined "high" cholesterol (lipid) level depends on other risk factors including smoking, high blood pressure, low HDL, family history of heart disease, male over 45 or woman over 55. Total cholesterol values over 200 may indicate an increased risk for heart disease. 

However, LDL levels better predict risk factor for heart disease.  Those with known heart disease (previous heart attack or peripheral vascular disease) or diabetes should have levels under 100.

LDL over 130, with two or more of the above risk factors, is abnormal. An LDL over 160, with one or fewer of the risk factors, is also abnormal. HDL cholesterol more than or equal to 60 takes away one risk factor and decreases your risk for heart disease. Levels under 40 add a risk factor.

Normal triglyceride levels are under 150. However, as with other components of the lipid test, fasting less than 9-12 hours may alter triglyceride results.

Other tests to help determine risk for heart disease are:

• Lipoprotein(a) analysis
• C-reactive protein analysis

Discuss your results with your health care provider to determine the best therapy for your lifestyle.

Ency. home > Disease > L > Lipid Disorders - acquired

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