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The blood pressure may be high, with mild to severe hypertension. A neurologic examination may show damage to multiple nerves. Abnormal heart or lung sounds may be heard through a stethoscope.

A CBC may show significant anemia (decreased red blood cells). A urinalysis shows dilute urine, excretion of small amounts of urine protein, or other abnormalities. (An abnormal urinalysis may occur 6 months to 10 or more years before symptoms appear.)

These tests also help confirm the diagnosis:

High urine sodium
Progressively increasing creatinine levels
Progressively increasing BUN
Progressively decreasing creatinine clearance
Possibly increasing urine potassium
Arterial blood gases and blood chemistry showing metabolic acidosis
IVP showing small kidneys
Abdominal ultrasound or abdominal CT scan showing small kidneys or multiple cysts on the kidneys
Renal biopsy showing interstitial nephritis or medullary cystic kidney

A renal or abdominal X-ray, abdominal CT scan, abdominal MRI, or abdominal ultrasound may reveal changes indicating chronic renal failure. Both kidneys are usually smaller in size than normal.

Ency. home > Disease > M > Medullary cystic disease

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