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Ency. home > Disease > V > Vaccine reaction

Vaccine reaction   

Overview | Symptoms | Treatment | Prevention

Alternative names:

Vaccine injury

Definition:

Any injury or condition that has occurred as a result of vaccination by a select number of childhood vaccines.

Causes and Risks

Vaccines considered capable of producing injury or abnormal conditions such as seizures include DPT (D= diphtheria, P= pertussis or whooping cough, T= tetanus), MMR (M - measles, M - mumps, R - rubella), and the ORAL Polio vaccine (not the inactivated Polio vaccine given as an injection). The Department of Health and Human Service has found that whole cell (DPT) pertussis containing vaccines have a causal relationship with the following conditions:

The Department of Health and Human Services also has determined that vaccines containing pertussis do NOT have a causal relationship with:

The acellular Pertussis vaccine (DTaP) is now being used to replace the whole-cell Pertussis vaccine used in DTP. DTaP has been shown to decrease the occurence of serious adverse events.

As the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act presently stands, the criteria for vaccine-related injuries are:

DPT
  • anaphylactic shock occurring within 24 hours
  • encephalitis occurring by the end of the 3rd day
  • residual seizure disorder with the first seizure occurring by the end of the 3rd day
  • shock-like state, hypotonia (decreased tone), decreased responsiveness by the end of the 3rd day
MMR
  • anaphylactic shock - Children with anaphylactic reaction to egg ingestion should have an allergy consult before considering vaccination with MMR
  • encephalitis occurring within 15 days of immunization
Polio vaccine (live)
  • paralytic polio (nonimmunodeficient individual) within 30 days
  • paralytic polio (immunocompromised individual) within 6 months
Polio vaccine (inactivated)
  • Anaphylactic shock occurring within 7 days

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