How the Test is Performed

In general, biopsies are performed either with a needle (percutaneous biopsy), or during a surgical procedure (open biopsy). In a percutaneous biopsy, a needle is passed into the tissue to be biopsied, and cells are removed through the needle. Depending on the location of the tissue to be biopsied, needle biopsies are often performed under X-ray (usually CT scan) guidance.

If more tissue is required than can be obtained in a needle biopsy, open biopsy is required. This is often the case for soft tissue masses that are suspected of being cancer. In these cases, an incision in the skin is made, and a small piece of the tissue to be biopsied is removed. If the tissue to be biopsied is in the abdomen, and cannot be safely accessed with a needle, the abdomen must be opened in the operating room and the tissue biopsied.

How to Prepare for the Test

Check with your physician about stopping medications that can predispose to bleeding, such as aspirin, coumadin, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, such as Motrin. Never change your medication regimen without first checking with your physician.

How the Test will Feel

In a needle biopsy, you will feel a small sharp pinch at the site of the biopsy. In an open biopsy, local or general anesthetic generally can make the procedure pain free.

Why the Test is Performed

To obtain tissue for diagnosis of cancer, or other organ diseases (such as liver or kidney disease.

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