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Ency. home > Test > R > Rectal biopsy

Rectal biopsy   

Overview | Risks | Results

Alternative names:

Biopsy - rectum

Definition:

A diagnostic procedure in which a small piece of rectal tissue is removed for examination.

How the Test is Performed

A rectal biopsy is usually part of anoscopy or sigmoidoscopy.

First, a digital rectal examination is performed. The doctor inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum to determine if anything will block the insertion of the anoscope.

A lubricated anoscope (or sometimes, a rectal speculum or proctoscope) is then inserted, which will cause some pressure. If a biopsy must be taken, it can be done through any of these scopes. The scope is a short tube with a light attached; it enlarges the rectum to allow the doctor to view the entire anal canal. Anesthetic is introduced through the anoscope, then biopsy forceps, a cytology brush, culture swab, or suction catheter is introduced through the anoscope to take a sample. Afterward, the scope is slowly removed.

How to Prepare for the Test

You will need to defecate before the procedure and a laxative, enema, or other preparation may be administered.

How the Test will Feel

There will be some pressure during the procedure, and you may feel an urge to defecate. A small amount of cramping sometimes occurs as the anoscope is inserted, but there should be no pain.

Why the Test is Performed

A rectal biopsy is used to determine the cause of abnormal growths found on anoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, or other tests. It can also be used to confirm the diagnosis of amyloidosis.

Ency. home > Test > R > Rectal biopsy

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